來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2020-04-08 16:02:12
6. The bus is late. We’ve been waiting _______ 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ________ many years.
8. Mike has been ill ________ a long time. He has been in hospital _______ October.
參考答案:
I. 英漢互譯。
1. how long 2. 不再 3. 長(zhǎng)大 4. at first
5. 至于…… 6. 放棄 7. at least
8. once or twice a year 9. 根據(jù);按照 10. 為了
II. 根據(jù)句意及首字母和漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出所缺單詞。
1. honest 2. scarf 3. check 4. soft
5. railway 6. among 7. consider
8. memories 9. count 10. searched
III. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since
6. for 7. for 8. for; since
02
句式講解
1. How long have you had that bike over there?
how long意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”,詢(xún)問(wèn)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多久,故句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或
表示狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞。例如:
How long do you watch TV? 你看電視多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了?
How long can I keep the book? 這本書(shū)我可以借多久?
【拓展】how long; how often; how soon的辨析:
how long
表示“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”,主要對(duì)時(shí)間段提問(wèn)。例如:
— How long is he staying? 他打算待多久?
— He’s staying for a week. 他打算待一個(gè)星期。
how often
表示“多久一次”,主要對(duì)頻率進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。例如:
— How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次電視?
— Twice a week. 一周兩次。
how soon
意為“還要多久”,多用在一般將來(lái)時(shí)中。例如:
— How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回來(lái)?
— In an hour. 一小時(shí)以后。
2. Because I don’t read it any more.
not…any more意為“不再”。not常位于be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后,any more常位于句末,相當(dāng)于no more。no more常位于句中,放在be動(dòng)詞之后,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前,兩者經(jīng)?梢曰Q。例如:
He doesn’t live here any more. = He no more lives here.
他不再住在這里了。
【拓展】
表示“不再”的詞還有not…any longer或no longer。二者的區(qū)別在于:
(1) not…any more = no more,表示數(shù)量或程度上的“不再”增加,通常修飾終止性動(dòng)詞。例如:
The baby isn’t crying any more. = The baby is no more crying.
這個(gè)嬰兒不再哭了。
(2) no longer = not…any longer表示時(shí)間或距離上的“不再”延長(zhǎng),通常修飾延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。例如:
I can’t stand it any longer. 我對(duì)此再也不能忍受下去了。
3. Amy thinks it’s hard to sell her old things.
It is/was + adj. + to do sth. 意為“做某事是……的”,to do sth.為句子的真正的主語(yǔ),而it為形式主語(yǔ),形式主語(yǔ)不能用別的詞來(lái)代替,句中可在形容詞后加for sb.,意為“對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō),做某事是……的”。例如:
It’s important for us to learn a foreign language.
對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō),學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是相當(dāng)重要的。
It’s necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables.
對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō),多吃蔬菜和水果是必要的。
【拓展】
這個(gè)句型中的for sb.有時(shí)也可以用of sb. 二者意義有區(qū)別:
(1) 在It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 中,for sb.意為“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)”,句中的形容詞是用來(lái)說(shuō)明to do sth.的,形式主語(yǔ)只能用it。例如:
It’s necessary for the students to do some housework.
對(duì)于學(xué)生們來(lái)說(shuō),做些家務(wù)是十分必要的。
(2) 在It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 中of sb. 意為“某人……”,句中形容詞可與邏輯主語(yǔ)sb. 構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),即形容詞是用來(lái)說(shuō)明或形容sb.(某人)的。例如:
It’s very kind of you to help us.
你能幫助我們真是太好了。
4. Jim has been inJapanfor three days.
(1) been是be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。
(2) have been in 是be in的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)形式,一般與段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如:
He has been in hospital for two months. 他住院已經(jīng)有兩個(gè)月了。
【拓展】have been to; have been in 與have gone to的辨析:
(1) “have/ has been to + 地點(diǎn)”表示“去過(guò)某地”,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。例如:
I’ve been to Beijing twice. 我已去過(guò)北京兩次。
(2) “have/has been in + 地點(diǎn)”表示“在某地待了一段時(shí)間”。例如:
He’s been in this school for two years. 他在這所學(xué)校待了兩年了。
(3)“ have/has gone to + 地點(diǎn)”表示“到某事去了”,現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有回來(lái),可能在去的途中,也可能在那里或返回的途中。例如:
— Where’s Wei Hua? 魏華在哪里?
— She has gone to the zoo. 她到動(dòng)物園去了。
5. But he also thinks some things will never change, and his hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood memories.
這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,some things至句末為賓語(yǔ)從句,作thinks的賓語(yǔ)。在該賓語(yǔ)從句中包含由and連接的
兩個(gè)分句,在第二個(gè)分句中,“that holds all his childhood memories”是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞place。關(guān)
系代詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞指物時(shí),關(guān)系代詞可用that或which,當(dāng)關(guān)系代
詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞that或which也可省略。例如:
I like clothes that/which are unusual.
我喜歡與眾不同的衣服。
Pass me the book(that/which) you bought for me yesterday.
把你昨天給我買(mǎi)的那本書(shū)遞給我。
練一練:
I. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成英語(yǔ)句子(每空一詞)。
1. 你擁有那邊的那輛自行車(chē)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了?
______ ______ ______ you ______ that bike over there?
2. 請(qǐng)查看一下這些玩具是否完好。
Please ______ ______ if these toys are all right.
3. 說(shuō)實(shí)在的,我很喜歡美國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)。
______ ______ ______, I like American country music very much.
4. 我在紐約住了幾個(gè)星期。
I have lived in New York for ______ ______ ______ weeks.
5. 他不懈地學(xué)習(xí)著,直到不再討厭數(shù)學(xué)為止。
He worked and worked until he ______ ______ hated mathematics.
6. 懷特先生的記憶力很差。
Mr. White has ______ ______ ______.
7. “空的”是“滿(mǎn)的”的反義詞。
“Empty” is ______ ______ ______ “full”.
8. 許多警察和官兵正在森林里搜尋從監(jiān)獄里跑出來(lái)的犯人。
Many policemen and soldiers are ______ the forest ______ the prisoner escaping from prison.
II. 句型轉(zhuǎn)化,每空一詞。
1. He ran in the school for half an hour. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
______ ______ ______ he run in the school?
2. We started to skate two hours ago. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
______ ______ you start to skate?
3. They started to play the piano one or two hours ago. (改為同義句)
They started to play the piano ______ ______ ______ two ago.
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